His death was at the hands of the sons of Marcius. He is also credited with bringing Etruscan “military triumph tradition” to Rome. Much of Rome’s military symbolism and civil offices are believed to have been created during this period. These operations were “funded” through the conquest of additional Latin and Sabine tribes. His reign is credited with the Roman Games, the Circus Maximas, and the construction of the great sewers (cloacae). The 5th King Marcius Priscus (Tarquinius I) was the 1st Etruscan monarch (616 – 579 BC). He built the first bridge across the Tiber. He is credited with the formation of the plebian class citizen – a step toward democracy. The Senate chose Angus Marcius as the 4th King (640 to 616 BC). Hostilus combined administrative ability with military achievement while conquering and absorbing several Latin tribes.Īccording to lore, because of Hostilius’ warlike behavior and the spread of the plague, he was struck down by a lightning bolt. His reign became one of conquest and expansion including the destruction of a rival city, Alba Longa. In his view, Rome had lapsed into senility. His philosophy was completely opposite to that of his predecessor. Tullius Hostilues, the 3rd King, ruled 672 to 641 BC. His reign was one of peace and religious reflection. The 2nd King, Numa Pomplious, a Sabine, ruled 715 BC to 673 BC and was credited with the organization of most of the Roman religious rites and offices. He is credited with the establishment of the patrician and plebian political classes and the foundation for the Roman Senate. Known as the warrior-king, he developed Rome’s first army while expanding Rome’s territory. He populated Rome with fugitives from other tribes and wives abducted from the Sabine tribe. Romulus ruled as the first of a line of kings of Rome from 753 BC to 715 BC. Publius Valerius Poplicola was appointed consul suffectus in the place of Collatinus, and the elderly Spurius Lucretius in place of Brutus but he died soon after, and Marcus Horatius Pulvillus became consul in his place, the fifth and final consul of the first year of the Republic.A series of Kings advanced the Roman City-state to the level of a Republic by civil wars and revolts. Fearing what might become of him should he refuse the popular demand, Collatinus laid down the consulship and went into exile at Lanuvium.īrutus, who as the king's nephew was even closer to the royal house, was spared the same indignity, as a part of the Junia gens but he fell in battle the same year against his the king's forces. Collatinus was dumbstruck when Brutus, his colleague and cousin, called upon him to resign, but resisted until his father-in-law, Lucretius, added his voice to the chorus. Brutus and Collatinus were the first consuls, and set about the defense of the city.Ĭollatinus' ascendency was short-lived although he himself had suffered at the hands of the king, and ushered in the Republic, he soon became the object of revulsion from those who would not abide any of the Tarquins in power at Rome. While the king was away on a campaign, the conspirators barred the gates of Rome and established a republican government, headed by two consuls, so that one man should not be master of Rome. They were supported by Brutus, the king's nephew, and others who had suffered various cruelties at the hands of the king and his sons. Main article: Overthrow of the Roman monarchyĮnraged by his cousin's deed, Collatinus and his father-in-law brought news of the crime before the people. Despite their entreaties and protests of her innocence, Lucretia then plunged a dagger into her breast in expiation of her shame. After his departure, Lucretia sent for her husband and father, and recounted the events to them. Forcing himself upon Lucretia, Sextus threatened to kill her, together with a slave, and tell her husband that he had caught her in the act of adultery with the slave, unless she should accede to his desire. According to legend, while Collatinus was away from home, his cousin, Sextus Tarquinius, son of the king, Lucius Tarquinius Superbus, came to his house by night. The surname Collatinus was derived from this town.Ĭollatinus married Lucretia, daughter of Spurius Lucretius Tricipitinus. Through an accident, Arruns had been born into poverty, but when his uncle subdued the Latin town of Collatia, he was placed in command of the Roman garrison there. Collatinus was the son of Arruns Tarquinius, better known as Egerius, a nephew of Lucius Tarquinius Priscus, the fifth King of Rome.
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